Teen Oral Health

The good news is that the basics haven't changed: brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, clean between your teeth daily, make healthy food and drink choices, and visit your dentist regularly.

Caring for your teeth with braces

Braces and other orthodontic appliances can make it easier for food and plaque to collect around your teeth and gums. Taking a little extra time to brush and clean between your teeth can help prevent tooth decay and gum problems during treatment.

Your dental or orthodontic team can show you techniques and recommend tools that make cleaning around braces easier.

Protecting your teeth during sports

If you play contact sports or participate in activities where falls or collisions are possible, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth, gums and mouth from injury.

Talk to your dentist about choosing a mouthguard that fits properly. If you wear braces or other orthodontic appliances, ask your dentist or orthodontist about an option that can be worn safely and comfortably.

Wisdom teeth

Wisdom teeth usually begin to appear in the late teen years or early adulthood. Some come in without causing problems, while others may not have enough room to grow properly.

Your dentist can monitor your wisdom teeth as they develop and recommend treatment if problems arise.

Changes to your gums

Hormonal changes during puberty can affect the way your gums respond to plaque. You may notice that your gums are more sensitive, swollen or likely to bleed.

Good brushing and cleaning between your teeth can help keep your gums healthy. Talk to your dentist if bleeding or other changes persist.

Piercings and tooth jewellery

Tongue, lip and cheek piercings can injure gums, chip or crack teeth and increase the risk of infection. Grills, gems and other tooth jewellery can also irritate your mouth or make teeth more difficult to keep clean.

If you have or are considering an oral piercing, grill or tooth jewellery, talk to your dentist about the potential risks and how to protect your teeth and gums.

Smoking, vaping and cannabis

Smoking and vaping can affect your teeth, gums and other tissues in your mouth. Effects may include dry mouth, bad breath, staining and irritation. Tobacco use is also an important risk factor for gum disease and oral cancer.

If you smoke, vape or use cannabis, tell your dentist. Knowing about these habits helps your dental team monitor changes in your mouth and provide appropriate advice and care.

Eating disorders and your oral health

Eating disorders can affect many aspects of your health, including your teeth and gums. Repeated exposure to stomach acid from vomiting can damage tooth enamel and increase the risk of sensitivity and tooth decay.

If you vomit, avoid brushing your teeth immediately afterward because the enamel may be temporarily softened by acid. Rinse your mouth with water and talk to your dentist about ways to protect your teeth.

If you are concerned that you or someone you know may have an eating disorder, speak with a health care professional for support.

HPV and oral health

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with several types of cancer, including cancers that can develop in the throat and back of the mouth. Vaccination can help protect against HPV-related cancers.

Talk to your health care provider or visit your provincial or territorial public health website to learn more about HPV vaccination.

Healthy habits now, healthier teeth later

Taking care of your teeth and gums now helps set you up for good oral health throughout adulthood. Keep up your daily oral care, protect your teeth during sports and see your dentist regularly.

And don't be afraid to ask questions. Your dentist can provide reliable advice about anything that may affect your oral health—from braces and wisdom teeth to vaping, piercings and other trends.